Introduction
Male infertility is a significant global health concern, contributing to approximately half of all infertility cases among couples. Andrology provides the scientific foundation and clinical expertise necessary to understand and manage male infertility effectively.
Causes of Male Infertility
Male infertility may result from hormonal imbalances, impaired sperm production, structural abnormalities, genetic conditions, infections, environmental exposure, or lifestyle factors. Common andrological diagnoses include varicocele, azoospermia, oligospermia, and asthenozoospermia.
Diagnostic Evaluation
A comprehensive andrological assessment includes medical history, physical examination, semen analysis, hormonal profiling, erotic analysis and imaging studies when required. Advanced diagnostics such as genetic testing and testicular biopsy may be employed in complex cases.
Treatment Modalities
Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include medical therapy, surgical correction, assisted reproductive techniques, or lifestyle modification. Advances in reproductive technology have significantly improved outcomes for men with previously untreatable conditions.
Conclusion
Andrology plays a central role in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. Individualized, evidence-based care offers couples greater opportunities to achieve successful reproduction.